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Chance is uncanny to us. We thought it didn't exist, that God or a reasonable explanation was behind everything. But we know today: It exists. We know that much of what surrounds us and which we do not see through, nevertheless runs causally. Unlike what was thought in the days of the Enlightenment, chance is the rule around us rather than lawful order. The clouds are stochastic fractals, the waves on the sea are pure random machinery. The philosopher Charles Peirce recognized the fundamental importance of chance in precisely this sense even before quantum and chaos theory, and gave the doctrine its name: Tychism. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Der Zufall in Physik, Informatik und Philosophie by Walter Hehl, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2021. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors. Without chance there would be nothing new, no life, no creativity, no history. This book looks at chance from the perspective of physics, computer science, and philosophy. It spans from antiquity to quantum physics and shows that chance is hard-wired into the world and that it would not exist without chance. The Author Dr. Walter Hehl is a versatile physicist and author of quite a few different books on IT, management, religion, philosophy and the history of science. His book on Galileo received the 2019 Woitschach Foundation Award for the best critical but fair science book.

Computer science --- Computer. Automation --- computers --- informatica --- wiskunde --- Chance. --- Science --- Philosophy. --- Mathematics.

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The thesis gives the first experimental demonstration of a new quantum bit ("qubit") that fuses two promising physical implementations for the storage and manipulation of quantum information - the electromagnetic modes of superconducting circuits, and the spins of electrons trapped in semiconductor quantum dots - and has the potential to inherit beneficial aspects of both. This new qubit consists of the spin of an individual superconducting quasiparticle trapped in a Josephson junction made from a semiconductor nanowire. Due to spin-orbit coupling in the nanowire, the supercurrent flowing through the nanowire depends on the quasiparticle spin state. This thesis shows how to harness this spin-dependent supercurrent to achieve both spin detection and coherent spin manipulation. This thesis also represents a significant advancement to our understanding and control of Andreev levels and thus of superconductivity. Andreev levels, microscopic fermionic modes that exist in all Josephson junctions, are the microscopic origin of the famous Josephson effect, and are also the parent states of Majorana modes in the nanowire junctions investigated in this thesis. The results in this thesis are therefore crucial for the development of Majorana-based topological information processing.

Solid state physics --- Electronics --- Computer science --- Computer. Automation --- vaste stof --- materie (fysica) --- quantumcomputers --- computers --- computerkunde --- halfgeleiders --- Nanowires. --- Quantum electrodynamics.

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This book shares Chinese scholars’ philosophical views on artificial intelligence. The discussions range from the foundations of AI—the Turing test and creation of machine intelligence—to recent applications of AI, including decisions in games, natural languages, pattern recognition, prediction in economic contexts, autonomous behaviors, and collaborative intelligence, with the examples of AlphaGo, Microsoft’s Xiao Bing, medical robots, etc. The book’s closing chapter focuses on Chinese machines and explores questions on the cultural background of artificial intelligence. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for all members of the general public who are interested in the future development of artificial intelligence, especially from the perspective of respected Chinese scholars.

Engineering sciences. Technology --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- History --- neuronale netwerken --- fuzzy logic --- cybernetica --- computers --- filosofie --- geschiedenis --- informatica --- maatschappij --- technologie --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- Artificial intelligence. --- Technology. --- History. --- Technology—Philosophy. --- Computers and civilization. --- Computational intelligence. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- History of Technology. --- Philosophy of Technology. --- Computers and Society. --- Computational Intelligence.

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The First Line of Code is a must-have for developers who want to learn Android and Kotlin, and the best-seller in China. Knowledge between Android and Kotlin is interspersed in a way that readers are easy to understand and get start: · Android part covers all the important aspects of the Android platform, such as activity, service, content provider, broadcast receiver, fragment, basic UI, data storage, network, Jetpack and other application-level knowledge. · Kotlin part covers various aspects of Kotlin, such as standard grammar, common skills, higher-order functions, generics, coroutines, DSL and other language-level knowledge. In addition, The First Line of Code is a very practicing book, illustrating concepts with a complete weather forecast program. You can use and practice all the knowledge comprehensively after learning and see the actual result for what you have learned through the book. All contents of the book are quite easy to understand. It might be a good choice for both beginners and experienced developers. Also suitable for college students, college teachers, etc.

Programming --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Computer. Automation --- GSM (global system for mobile communications) --- Open Source --- computers --- programmeren (informatica) --- programmeertalen --- OS (operating system) --- Computer programming. --- Android (Electronic resource)

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This is the first book to focus on the problem of ensuring the correctness of floating-point hardware designs through mathematical methods. Formal Verification of Floating-Point Hardware Design, Second Edition advances a verification methodology based on a unified theory of register-transfer logic and floating-point arithmetic that has been developed and applied to the formal verification of commercial floating-point units over the course of more than two decades, during which the author was employed by several major microprocessor design companies. The theory is extended to the analysis of several algorithms and optimization techniques that are commonly used in commercial implementations of elementary arithmetic operations. As a basis for the formal verification of such implementations, high-level specifications of the basic arithmetic instructions of several major industry-standard floating-point architectures are presented, including all details pertaining to the handling of exceptional conditions. The methodology is illustrated in the comprehensive verification of a variety of state-of-the-art commercial floating-point designs developed by Arm Holdings. This revised edition reflects the evolving microarchitectures and increasing sophistication of Arm processors, and the variation in the design goals of execution speed, hardware area requirements, and power consumption. Many new results have been added to Parts I-III (Register-Transfer Logic, Floating-Point Arithmetic, and Implementation of Elementary Operations), extending the theory and describing new techniques. These were derived as required in the verification of the new RTL designs described in Part V.

Mathematical logic --- Mathematics --- Electronics --- Electrical engineering --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Computer. Automation --- microprocessoren --- computers --- hardware --- logica --- architectuur (informatica) --- elektrische circuits --- Floating-point arithmetic.